Sociodemographic characteristics, CVD risk factors and adherence to antihypertensive medications of the Dhulikhel Heart Study participants by hypertension control status (n=99)
| All hypertensives on treatment (n=99) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Controlled | Uncontrolled | p Value | |
| Total, n (%) | 99 | 35 (35.3) | 64 (64.4) | |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.610* | |||
| Male | 43 (43.4) | 14 (32.5) | 29 (67.4) | |
| Female | 56 (56.5) | 21 (37.5) | 35 (62.5) | |
| Age (mean, SD) | 57.3 (12.6) | 60.4 (13.1) | 55.6 (12.1) | 0.070† |
| Marital status, n (%) | 0.948* | |||
| Unmarried | 23 (23.2) | 8 (34.7) | 15 (65.2) | |
| Currently married | 76 (76.7) | 27 (35.5) | 49 (64.4) | |
| Occupation, n (%) | 0.054* | |||
| Unemployed | 64 (64.6) | 37 (57.8) | 27 (42.1) | |
| Employed | 35 (35.5) | 27 (77.1) | 8 (22.8) | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.567* | |||
| Brahmin/Chhetri | 12 (12.1) | 5 (41.6) | 7 (58.3) | |
| Newar | 81 (81.8) | 29 (35.8) | 52 (64.2) | |
| Others | 6 (6.0) | 1 (16.6) | 5 (83.3) | |
| Individual annual income quartiles, n (%) | 0.168* | |||
| Q1 (lowest) | 40 (52.6) | 18 (45.0) | 22 (55.0) | |
| Q2 | 2 (2.6) | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | |
| Q3 | 11 (14.4) | 4 (36.3) | 7 (63.6) | |
| Q4 | 23 (30.2) | 4 (17.3) | 19 (82.6) | |
| Education, n (%) | 0.531* | |||
| No formal education | 49 (49.4) | 20 (40.8) | 29 (59.1) | |
| Less than high school | 40 (40.4) | 12 (30.0) | 28 (70.0) | |
| High school or more | 10 (10.1) | 3 (30.0) | 7 (70.0) | |
| BMI, n (%) | 0.029* | |||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 0 (0%) | |||
| Normal (18.5–24.9) | 35 (35.3) | 18 (51.4) | 17 (48.5) | |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 37 (37.3) | 8 (21.6) | 29 (78.3) | |
| Obese (≥30) | 27 (27.2) | 9 (33.3) | 18 (66.6) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | 0.045* | |||
| Never smoker | 54 (54.5) | 24 (44.4) | 30 (55.5) | |
| Former smoker | 28 (28.2) | 9 (32.1) | 19 (67.8) | |
| Current smoker | 17 (17.1) | 2 (11.7) | 15 (88.2) | |
| Fruits and vegetable consumption, n (%) | 0.420* | |||
| <5 servings of fruits and/or vegetables/day | 45 (45.4) | 14 (31.1) | 31 (68.8) | |
| ≥5 servings of fruits and/or vegetables/day | 54 (54.5) | 21 (38.8) | 33 (61.1) | |
| Physical activity, n (%) | 0.065* | |||
| <600 MET min/week | 47 (47.4) | 21 (44.6) | 26 (55.3) | |
| ≥600 MET min/week | 52 (52.5) | 14 (26.9) | 38 (73.0) | |
| Alcohol, n (%) | 0.177* | |||
| None | 69 (69.7) | 29 (42.0) | 40 (57.9) | |
| Low (<1 glass per week) | 9 (9.0) | 1 (11.1) | 8 (88.8) | |
| Moderate (1–3 glass per week) | 5 (5.0) | 1 (20.0) | 4 (80.0) | |
| High (≥3 glasses per week) | 16 (16.1) | 4 (25.0) | 12 (75.0) | |
| Adherence to antihypertensives | 0.200 | |||
| Low | 33 (33.3) | 9 (27.2) | 24 (72.7) | |
| Medium | 32 (32.3) | 10 (31.2) | 22 (68.7) | |
| High | 34 (34.3) | 16 (47.0) | 18 (52.9) | |
*χ2 test.
†Un-paired t-test.
BMI, body mass index; MET min, metabolic equivalent minutes.