Abstract
Physiologically appropriate levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are likely important to varied aspects of CNS function. In particular, these enzymes may contribute to neuronal activity dependent synaptic plasticity and to cell mobility in processes including stem cell migration and immune surveillance. Levels of MMPs may, however, be substantially increased in the setting of HIV infection with methamphetamine abuse. Elevated MMP levels might in turn influence integrity of the blood brain barrier, as has been demonstrated in published work. Herein we suggest that elevated levels of MMPs can also contribute to microglial activation as well as neuronal and synaptic injury through a mechanism that involves cleavage of specific cell and synaptic adhesion molecules.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Cell Adhesion
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Cell Adhesion Molecules / metabolism*
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Central Nervous System Diseases / metabolism*
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Central Nervous System Diseases / physiopathology
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Central Nervous System Stimulants / adverse effects*
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Central Nervous System Stimulants / metabolism
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HIV Infections / immunology
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HIV Infections / physiopathology*
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Humans
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Inflammation / chemically induced
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Inflammation / physiopathology
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / blood
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / drug effects
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / metabolism*
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / blood
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / drug effects
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / metabolism*
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Methamphetamine / adverse effects*
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Methamphetamine / metabolism
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Mice
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Microglia / metabolism
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Neuronal Plasticity / drug effects
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Rats
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Substance-Related Disorders / complications
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Substance-Related Disorders / metabolism*
Substances
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Cell Adhesion Molecules
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Central Nervous System Stimulants
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Methamphetamine
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 9