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Original research
Outcomes of a multidisciplinary coronary heart disease prevention programme in southern India
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  1. Priya Chockalingam1,
  2. N Sakthi Vinayagam1,
  3. N Ezhil Vani1,
  4. V Chockalingam2
  1. 1Department of Preventive Cardiology, Cardiac Wellness Institute, Chennai, India
  2. 2Department of Cardiology, MGR Medical University, Chennai, India
  1. Correspondence to Dr Priya Chockalingam, Cardiac Wellness Institute, New no. 21, Old no. S-30, 5th Avenue, Besant Nagar, Chennai 600090, Tamil Nadu, India; priyachockalingam{at}cardiacwellnessinstitute.com, priya.chockalingam{at}gmail.com

Abstract

Objective Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause for mortality and morbidity in India but the focus on lifestyle interventions is very low. This study aims to evaluate the role of a multidisciplinary CHD prevention programme in southern India.

Methods All patients enrolled between May 2014 and March 2016 with CHD (disease group) or with risk factors but no CHD (risk group) were included. Participants attended one–two sessions per week for 6–12 weeks; each session lasted 90–120 min, including exercise and education, and was adapted to the participants' sociocultural requirements. Resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and functional capacity (FC) were documented at start and end of programme.

Results Disease group was older (61±10 vs 51±14  years, p<0.01), had lower BMI and WC (26±4 vs 30±7 kg/m2, p<0.01; 39±4 vs 42±5 inches, p<0.01), attended more sessions (12±7 vs 6±3, p<0.0001) and had higher completion rates (82% vs 53%, p=0.02) than the risk group. Programme-completers (n=45, 67%) showed significant improvement in health-related behaviour, angina threshold (in all 8 subjects with stable angina), BMI (p=0.03), WC (p<0.01) and FC (p<0.01). Follow-up for a period of 16±6 months showed continued adherence to the healthy behaviour (n=44, 1 lost to follow-up) and maintenance of anthropometric and FC parameters.

Conclusions A multidisciplinary approach to preventing CHD is lacking in India. This study shows that a comprehensive lifestyle intervention programme has significant benefits and can be incorporated in the routine management of all patients and at-risk individuals in the region.

  • CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

https://doi.org/10.1136/heartasia-2016-010791

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors All the authors have made substantial contributions to the study. PC contributed to conception and design of study, acquisition of data, drafting the manuscript, final approval of the manuscript and accountable for all aspects of the work; NSV contributed to design of the study, acquisition and analysis of data, revising the manuscript for important intellectual content, final approval of the manuscript and accountable for all aspects of the work; NEV contributed to design of the study, acquisition and analysis of data, revising the manuscript for important intellectual content, final approval of the manuscript and accountable for all aspects of the work; VC contributed to conception of study, revising the manuscript for important intellectual content, final approval of the manuscript and accountable for all aspects of the work.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Ethics approval Cardiac Wellness Institute's ethics committee.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; internally peer reviewed.