Baseline characteristics of the study cohort (n=111)
| Characteristic | Mean±SD or no (%) |
| Clinical | |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 48.7±10.8 |
| Age at enrolment (years) | 54.0±10.1 |
| Male gender | 90 (81.1) |
| Paroxysmal AF | 71 (64.0) |
| Persistent AF | 18 (16.2) |
| Permanent AF | 22 (19.8) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.0±5.0 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 132.4±17.0 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 80.4±10.4 |
| Positive family history for AF | 10 (9.0) |
| Symptoms during AF | |
| Palpitations | 57 (51.4) |
| Dyspnoea | 39 (35.1) |
| Electrocardiogram in sinus rhythm | |
| PR interval (ms) | 166.3±34.2 |
| QRS duration (ms) | 92.2±14.2 |
| Corrected QT interval (ms) | 423.9±30.3 |
| Echocardiogram | |
| Left atrial volume index (ml/m2) | 34.3±12.6 |
| Left ventricular mass index (g/m2) | 90.4±18.7 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 63.3±7.6 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (mm) | 49.4±5.1 |
| Left ventricular end-systolic dimension (mm) | 31.1±5.2 |
AF, atrial fibrillation.