Characteristic | N | % |
Female | 224/402 | 55.7 |
Age (years) (median (IQR)) | 40 (35–45) | |
BMI (kg/m2) (median (IQR)) | 20.8 (18.0–23.6) | |
BMI categories | ||
Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 118/397 | 29.7 |
Normal (≥18.5 to<25 kg/m2) | 213/397 | 53.6 |
Overweight (≥25 to<30 kg/m2) | 61/397 | 15.4 |
Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 5/397 | 1.3 |
Hypercholestrolaemia | ||
(Total cholesterol≥5.2 mmol/L) | 79/390 | 20.2 |
Low HDL | ||
(HDL≤1 mmol/L) | 152/390 | 38.9 |
Hypertriclyceridaemia | ||
(Triglycerides≥1.7 mmol/L) | 97/390 | 24.9 |
High LDL cholesterol | ||
(LDL cholesterol≥3.4 mmol/L) | 68/390 | 17.4 |
SBP/DBP (mm Hg) (median (IQR)) | 115/80 (105/73–127/87) | |
Ever screened for hypertension | 223/402 | 55.5 |
Hypertension | 90/402 | 22.4 |
Positive family history of CVD | 43/402 | 10.7 |
Positive for CVD | 7/398 | 1.8 |
On statins | 8/402 | 2.0 |
Ever screened for diabetes | 114/402 | 28.3 |
Diabetes mellitus | 34/390 | 8.7 |
Prediabetes | 74/390 | 19.0 |
Metabolic syndrome | ||
(IDF definition) | 68/385 | 17.7 |
(NCEP/ATP III) | 83/398 | 20.8 |
WHO recommended daily fruit and vegetable intake for 1 week | 3/402 | 0.7 |
WHO recommended physical activity | 290/398 | 73.0 |
Smoking | ||
Previous | 56/402 | 14.0 |
Current | 16/402 | 4.0 |
CD4 count (cells/µL) (median (IQR)) | 378 (246–622) | |
CD4 less than 350 cells/µL | 184/398 | 46 |
HIV viral load (copies/mL) (median (IQR)) | 45 (<40–1377) | |
Undetectable HIV viral load | 191/390 | 49.0 |
HIV infection duration (years) (median (IQR)) | 7.1 (2.5–10.7) | |
On HAART | 323/402 | 80.3 |
Duration of HAART (years) (median (IQR)) | 4.5 (1.4–8.2) | |
Current PI use | 65/323 | 20.1 |
ATV/r | 60/65 | 15.0 |
LPV/r | 5/65 | 7.7 |
Duration of PI use (years) (median (IQR)) | 1.8 (1.0–3.5) |
Metabolic syndrome: IDF definition: Waist circumference ≥90 cm in male or ≥80 cm in female and any two of the following factors triglycerides≥1.7 mmol/L; HDL <1 mmol/Lmg/dL (male),<1.3 mmol/L (female); fasting blood sugar ≥5.5 mmol/L or previously diagnosed diabetes; SBP≥130 mm Hg or DBP ≥85 mm or previously diagnosed hypertensive. NCEP-ATPIII definition: any three of the factors used in the IDF definition. WHO recommended fruit and vegetable intake: At least 5 servings of each per day. WHO recommended physical activity: 75 min of vigorous activity or 150 min of moderate activity per week.
ATP III, Adult Treatment Panel III; ATV/r, ritonavir-boosted atazanavir; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IDF, International Diabetes Federation; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; LPV/r, ritonavir-boosted lopinavir; NCEP, National Cholesterol Education Program; PI, protease inhibitor; SBP, systolic blood pressure.