Age group | | | |
19–55 years | 38 (29.46%) | 18 (46.15%) | Ref |
>55–65 years | 38 (29.46%) | 13 (33.33%) | 0.245 |
>65–75 years | 34 (26.36%) | 6 (15.38%) | 0.010 |
>75 years | 19 (14.73%) | 2 (5.13%) | 0.013 |
Female | 28 (21.71%) | 9 (23.08%) | 0.804 |
Race | | | |
Chinese | 92 (71.32%) | 27 (69.23%) | Ref |
Malay | 10 (7.75%) | 3 (7.69%) | 0.966 |
Indian | 10 (7.75%) | – | |
Others | 17 (13.18%) | 9 (23.08%) | 0.064 |
Body mass index | | | |
<18.5 | 18 (13.95%) | 9 (23.08%) | 0.487 |
18.5–22.9 | 23 (17.83%) | 9 (23.08%) | Ref |
23–26.9 | 48 (37.21%) | 12 (30.77%) | 0.226 |
≥27 | 40 (31.01%) | 9 (23.08%) | 0.164 |
Hypertension | 79 (61.24%) | 20 (51.28%) | 0.129 |
Diabetes mellitus | 44 (34.11%) | 9 (23.08%) | 0.085 |
History of stroke | 50 (38.76%) | 14 (35.90%) | 0.661 |
≥Stage 3 chronic kidney disease | 65 (50.39%) | 15 (38.46%) | 0.077 |
End-stage renal failure requiring dialysis | 7 (5.43%) | 3 (7.69%) | 0.460 |
Known history of ischaemic heart disease | 52 (40.31%) | 11 (28.21%) | 0.068 |
Dementia | 1 | 0 | – |
Connective tissue disease | 1 | 0 | – |
Peptic ulcer disease | 11 (8.53%) | 2 (5.13%) | 0.372 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 28 (21.71%) | 9 (23.08%) | 0.804 |
Liver disease | 31 (24.03%) | 7 (17.95%) | 0.290 |
Cancer | 3 (2.33%) | 0 | NA |
Age-adjusted Charlson Ccomorbidity Index (CCI) | 4.10±2.39.68%) | 2.61±1.85 | |
CCI 0–2 | 35 (27.13%) | 21 (53.85%) | Ref |
CCI 3–5 | 57 (44.19%) | 15 (38.46%) | 0.059 |
CCI >5 | 37 (28.68%) | 3 (7.69%) | <0.001 |
Presence of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation | 64 (49.61%) | 26 (66.67%) | 0.0012 |
Time to return of spontaneous circulation (min) | 38.14±22.87 | 24.15±16.66 | <0.001 |
Time to first return of spontaneous circulation (min) | | | |
0–10 | 12 (9.30%) | 7 (17.95%) | Ref |
>10–20 | 21 (16.28%) | 15 (38.46%) | 0.445 |
>20–30 | 26 (20.16%) | 8 (20.51%) | 0.113 |
>30–40 | 20 (15.50%) | 6 (15.38%) | 0.120 |
>40–50 | 20 (15.50%) | 1 (2.56%) | 0.005 |
>50–60 | 14 (10.85%) | 0 | – |
>60 | 16 (12.40%) | 2 (5.13%) | 0.017 |
Ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation collapse | 74 (57.36%) | 31 (79.49%) | 0.001 |
Collapse due to myocardial infarction | 90 (69.77%) | 27 (69.23%) | 0.930 |
Went for direct coronary catheterisation | 84 (66.14%) | 29 (74.36%) | 0.195 |
Targeted temperature management | 69 (53.49%) | 28 (71.79%) | 0.007 |