Comparison of major variables and univariate analysis among patients undergoing elective coronary angiography (CAG) according to type of indication for the procedure (with or without heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)). n=2235
| Parameters | Overall n= 2235 | HFrEF not a CAG indication n=1975 (88.4%) | HFrEF as CAG indication n=260 (11.6%) | OR (95% CI) | P value |
| Age (years) | 57.60±9.9 | 57.4±9.6 | 57.1±10.5 | 0.83 (0.6 to 1.13) | 0.08 |
| Females | 478 (21.4) | 415 (21.0) | 63 (24.2) | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.1) | 0.26 |
| Prior heart failure | 81 (3.6) | 28 (1.4) | 53 (20.4) | 17.8 (11.0 to 28.8) | <0.001 |
| Smoker | 397 (17.8) | 357 (18.1) | 40 (15.4) | 0.82 (0.58 to 1.2) | 0.30 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 799 (35.7) | 741 (37.5) | 58 (22.3) | 0.48 (0.35 to 0.65) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1578 (70.6) | 1411 (71.4) | 167 (64.2) | 0.72 (0.55 to 0.94) | 0.01 |
| Family history of premature CAD | 504 (22.6) | 461 (23.3) | 43 (16.5) | 0.65 (0.46 to 0.92) | 0.007 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1155 (51.7) | 1010 (51.1) | 145 (55.8) | 1.20 (0.93 to 1.56) | 0.16 |
| History of chest pain | 1539 (68.9) | 1471 (74.5) | 68 (26.2) | 0.12 (0.09 to 0.16) | <0.001 |
| Non-invasive stress test | 1025 (46.4) | 972 (49.2) | 53 (20.4) | 0.26 (0.19 to 0.36) | <0.001 |
| Positive NIV result (out of total performed) | 937 (91.3) | 893 (91.6) | 44 (88.2) | 0.68 (0.33 to 1.42) | 0.12 |
| Any obstructive CAD* | 1735 (77.6) | 1613 (81.6) | 122 (46.9)† | 0.19 (0.15 to 0.26) | <0.001 |
*Any epicardial vessel >2 mm with more than 70% or left main >50% stenosis.
†According to Felker et al’ definition, obstructive CAD was 45.8%.
CAD, coronary artery disease; NIV, non-invasive.