Echocardiographic parameters after adjustment
| PeAF (n=21) | PAF (n=67) | P value | |
| E wave* (cm/s) | 66.8±3.91 | 65.6±2.16 | 0.787 |
| A wave* (cm/s) | 71.2±3.52 | 80.5±1.95 | 0.025 |
| E/A* | 1.00±0.119 | 0.87±0.066 | 0.341 |
| DcT* (ms) | 226.4±14.4 | 238.5±7.9 | 0.467 |
| e′* (cm/s) | 5.79±0.332 | 6.30±0.183 | 0.189 |
| E/e′* | 12.08±0.604 | 10.75±0.334 | 0.059 |
| LVEF* (%) | 65.6±1.15 | 66.6±0.64 | 0.487 |
| LAD* (mm) | 39.8±1.01 | 38.0±0.56 | 0.124 |
The value is shown with adjusted average ±SE.
*Adjusted for age, sex and body mass index.
A, atrial inflow velocity; DcT, deceleration time; E, early inflow velocity; LAD, left atrial diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PeAF, permanent atrial fibrillation.